Baby Formula Recall

One of the most notable baby formula recalls is Abbott Laboratories' February 2022 voluntary recall of Similac, Alimentum and EleCare formulas. Abbott recalled the baby formulas because of potential Cronobacter sakazakii bacterial contamination that led to the illness and death of infants.

Last Modified: August 5, 2024
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Why Have Abbott Baby Formulas Been Recalled?

Abbott issued a voluntary recall for certain lots of its baby formulas because of reports that babies got sick from infection with Cronobacter sakazakii. All the infected babies were hospitalized, and two of the babies died. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) closed its investigation in May 2022 after a lab found the strains of Cronobacter sakazakii in the two infants who died did not match samples of Cronobacter sakazakii found at Abbott’s manufacturing plant.

Cronobacter sakazakii infections are especially dangerous for newborns, though they are rare. The bacteria can cause life-threatening blood infections (sepsis) and swelling in the membranes surrounding the spinal cord and brain (meningitis).

Parents have been filing NEC lawsuits against baby formula manufacturers Abbott and Mead Johnson, but these are unrelated to the Abbott Cronobacter sakazakii recall. These baby formula lawsuits allege that Abbott and Mead Johnson knew their cow’s milk baby formulas could increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or NEC, a potentially fatal intestinal disease, in premature babies.

Abbott Baby Formula Recall Timeline

Events leading up to the Abbott baby formula recall for Cronobacter sakazakii began in September when the FDA received the first report of Cronobacter sakazakii infection from the Minnesota Health Department.

While the FDA found numerous violations and contaminated surfaces in Abbott’s plant in Sturgis, Michigan, their testing did not find any bacteria in samples from customers with sick infants.

  • February 2023: Reckitt issued a recall for 145,000 cans of Enfamil ProSobee Simply Plant-Based Infant Formula because of potential Cronobacter sakazakii contamination. SEC and FTC began investigating Abbott in relation to its infant formula business.
  • January 2023: The Justice Department’s consumer protection branch began investigating Abbott regarding its plant in Sturgis, Michigan.
  • August 2022: Abbott restarted Similac infant formula production at the Sturgis facility.
  • July 2022: Abbott resumed production of EleCare and other specialty metabolic formulas.
  • April 2022: Abbott submitted a response and corrective action plan to the FDA on April 8 following the FDA’s inspection.
  • March 2022: Abbott responded to the FDA investigation, saying: “While there are actions we need to take to address the FDA observations, it is important to note that no Cronobacter sakazakii or Salmonella species were found in any of our testing of products distributed to consumers.”
  • March 2022: FDA made its inspection of Abbott’s plant in Sturgis, Michigan available to the public. The inspection detailed that Abbott didn’t maintain clean surfaces used in producing and handling the powdered formula. Inspectors also found a history of Cronobacter sakazakii contamination, including eight instances between fall 2019 and February 2022.
  • February 2022: Abbott initiated a voluntary recall of certain Similac, Alimentum and EleCare powdered infant formulas manufactured at the Sturgis plant and stopped production at the facility.
  • January 2022: The FDA sent inspectors to the Sturgis facility and began an investigation at the end of January.
  • October 2021: FDA officials received a whistleblower complaint about safety violations at Abbott’s plant in Sturgis, Michigan. The complaint included claims that employees had falsified records and failed to properly test the formula before releasing it.
  • September 2021: FDA received the first complaint of Cronobacter sakazakii illness from the Minnesota Health Department.

In March 2023, the FDA sent letters to infant formula manufacturers, packers, distributors, exporters, importers and retailers with recommendations for preventing future Cronobacter sakazakii illnesses.

Then, in May 2023, FDA released its Outline of FDA’s Strategy to Help Prevent Cronobacter sakazakii Illnesses Associated with Consumption of Powdered Infant Formula. The agency will strengthen regulatory activities and oversight related to the production of powdered infant formula, according to the document.

Which Baby Formulas Are Recalled?

In February 2022, Abbott Laboratories recalled certain lots of its Similac, EleCare and Alimentum baby formulas manufactured at its Sturgis, Michigan, factory. The company recalled the lots for potential bacterial contamination.

Investigators found five different strains of Cronobacter sakazakii at the facility, but samples of product collected by the FDA were negative for the bacteria.

The following products are included in the Abbott baby formula recall:

Similac Products
  • Abbott Similac 360 Total Care Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Advance
  • Abbott Similac Advance Step-1
  • Abbott Similac Advance Step-2
  • Abbott Similac Advance Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Human Milk Fortifier
  • Abbott Similac Organic
  • Abbott Similac Organic with A2 Milk Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Organic with A2 Milk Toddler Drink
  • Abbott Similac Organic Toddler with A2 Milk Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Pro-Advance
  • Abbott Similac Pro-Advance Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Pro-Sensitive Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Pro-Total Comfort Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Sensitive
  • Abbott Similac Sensitive Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Sensitive Lactose Sensitivity
  • Abbott Similac for Supplementation
  • Abbott Similac For Spit Up Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Total Comfort
  • Abbott Similac Total Comfort Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac EleCare HMO
  • Abbott Similac EleCare
  • Abbott EleCare Similac Gold
  • Abbott EleCare Similac
  • Abbott Similac PM 60/40 - only lot code 27032K80 (can) / 27032K800 (case)
Alimentum Products
  • Abbott Infant Formula Powder
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum Allergies & Colic Hypoallergenic Infant Formula
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum with 2'-FL HMO
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum Eye Q Plus
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum HMO
  • Abbott Alimentum HMO
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum infant formula
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott Similac Alimentum Toddler Drink
EleCare Products
  • Abbott EleCare
  • Abbott EleCare Amino Acid-Based Powder Infant Formula with Iron
  • Abbott EleCare Infant Formula Unflavoured
  • Abbott EleCare Junior Vanilla
  • Abbott EleCare Jr Similac Vanilla
  • Abbott EleCare Jr Amino Acid-Based Nutrition Powder Unflavored
  • Abbott EleCare Jr Amino Acid-Based Nutrition Powder Banana
  • Abbott EleCare Jr Amino Acid-Based Nutrition Powder Chocolate
  • Abbott EleCare Similac
  • Abbott EleCare Similac Gold
  • Abbott Similac EleCare HMO
  • Abbott Similac EleCare
  • EleCare LCP Hypoallergenic

The Abbott facility which produces the recalled baby formula also makes other special infant medical foods that have not been included in the recall. These products haven’t been recalled because the FDA has determined that medical conditions may worsen without their use.

Nevertheless, the agency warns that there may be some risk of Cronobacter sakazakii contamination with these products, and they recommend parents check with their medical provider for alternatives.

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Has My Baby’s Formula Been Recalled?

Not all the lots from the listed brands above are part of the recall, and you can check your baby formula package to see if it’s included in the recall.

Check to see if the first two digits of the code printed on the bottom of the container are 22 through 37 and if the code contains K8, SH or Z2. Look to see if the expiration date listed is April 2022 or later. The recalled products have all three of these conditions.

Powder Infant Formation container with Product Coding

Parents or caregivers can also enter the code on Abbott’s website to check if their formula is recalled. The FDA warns parents and caregivers not to use any Similac, EleCare or Alimentum formulas included in the recall.

What to Do If Your Baby Consumed Recalled Formula

If your baby consumed recalled formula, the FDA recommends stopping its use and asking your pediatrician about switching formulas. Watch for symptoms of potential Cronobacter sakazakii infection, including these: irritability, jaundice, changes in temperature, poor feeding, grunting breaths, excessive crying or abnormal body movements.

If your baby shows any Cronobacter sakazakii infection symptoms, contact your pediatrician or seek medical attention right away. You can fill out a MedWatch form online to report an illness or a baby formula side effect to the FDA, or you can call a Consumer Complaint Coordinator.

Mothers who have been supplementing breast milk with formula may be able to exclusively breastfeed. When it comes to choosing breastfeeding or formula, experts agree breast milk is preferred for babies.

Alternatives to Recalled Baby Formula

Parents or caregivers should ask their baby’s medical provider for alternatives to recalled baby formula. These include other store or name brand formulas that have not been recalled. The Abbott baby formula recall has led to a formula shortage, and the company has increased production at its other plants to try and make up for the demand.

Breastfeeding is always a great alternative to formula feeding, but if a mother isn’t producing her own milk or can’t breastfeed for other reasons, parents and caregivers may decide to try human milk banks. Typically, hospitals receive priority for donated breastmilk to be used for hospitalized infants, so supplies may be low. However, individuals may contact a milk bank for pasteurized donor human milk. Check the Human Milk Banking Association of America for a donor bank in your state.

It may be tempting to try and make homemade baby formula from recipes you find online, but experts say it’s dangerous because the recipes might not be safe and likely won’t provide adequate nutrition. Don’t dilute formula you currently have to make it last longer. This could also result in lack of nutrients for the baby and result in severe, life-threatening consequences.

Don’t buy baby formula from third party distributors online, especially if it’s from outside the U.S. because the formula may be counterfeit or not follow the FDA’s guidelines for proper nutrition and purity.

Please seek the advice of a medical professional before making health care decisions.